Rapto internacional de criançasMaior protecção na União Europeia

O rapto internacional por um dos pais é um problema mundial que afecta vários milhares de crianças por ano. A medida de hoje alargará a protecção de crianças na UE a oito novos países: Rússia, Albânia, Andorra, Arménia, Gabão, Marrocos, Seicheles e Singapura. Até à data, a Convenção foi ratificada por 86 países, incluindo todos os países da UE.
Brussels, 21 December 2011 – Today, the European Commission proposed the EU accept Russia and seven more countries as parties to an international convention designed to prevent child abduction. The 1980 Hague Convention ensures the prompt return of children abducted by one parent to their habitual country of residence and protects parental access rights. International abduction by a parent is a global problem affecting several thousand children each year. Today´s move will effectively extend protection for children in the EU to eight new countries: Russia, Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Gabon, Morocco, Seychelles and Singapore. The Convention has been ratified by 86 countries to date, including all EU members.

"Preventing child abduction is an essential part of the EU’s agenda for children´s rights," said Vice-President Viviane Reding, EU Justice Commissioner. "We already have strict rules in place to ensure abducted children can be returned and disputes swiftly solved within the EU. By welcoming Russia and others as EU counterparts under this international agreement, we can make sure children are similarly protected at a global level as well."

If one parent in an abduction case comes from outside the EU, the Hague Convention only applies if that parent´s country of origin is a member of the Convention. All EU Member States are party to the Convention and the European Commission actively promotes membership of the Convention at an international level so that children in the EU can be better protected worldwide.

This multilateral treaty does not seek to adjudicate in custody cases, but provides for a procedure whereby an abducted child can be returned promptly to his or her home country. Once sent back, the child’s local authorities can determine where and with whom the child should live. The Convention is also designed to secure protection for rights of access.

If a parent abducts a child within the EU, the so-called Brussels IIa Regulation (Council Regulation 2201/2003) imposes strict obligations to ensure the return of the child. Under the Regulation, the courts in the EU Member State to which the child has been abducted cannot refuse an order to return a child to the Member State of origin.

Data recently collected shows that the Regulation works well: in general, child abduction disputes between EU Member States are solved in a much more efficient and swift manner, thanks notably to the removal of the cumbersome ´exequatur´ procedure. This means a shorter period for courts to recognise and enforce judgements from another Member State.